Affiliation:
1. Federal University of Technology
2. BloomMak Scientific Services
3. University of Medical Sciences Teaching Hospital
Abstract
Abstract
Snack products are evolving as new carriers of functional ingredients with nutritional and health-promoting benefits. A blend of whole grains is increasingly being utilized to harness the functional potential of the grain mix. Amaranth, acha, and pearl millet grains flours were optimized using response surface methodology (RSM), to obtain optimum blends (90:5:5 and 47.98:26.68:25.34) having high protein content and low glycemic index. Snack bar products from the blends were labelled MBY and MBZ. A total of 50 subjects were recruited. About 42% were overweight while 40% were obese. Each was allowed to consume snacks containing the equivalent of 50 g of carbohydrates. Finger prick was employed to evaluate the postprandial glucose response of snack products while venous blood was evaluated for antioxidant enzymes, carbohydrate-hydrolyzing activities, and insulin using standard methods. Consumption of the multigrain snacks elicited a stable postprandial response (133-141 mg/dL) with 16 and 24% postprandial decline. In addition, snacks had low to intermediate glycemic index (52 and 56) and reduced α-amylase/glucosidase activities compared to control snacks. Similarly, glutathione level, glutathione peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, and catalase activities in serum from subjects that consumed multigrain snacks were upregulated compared to control and market sample groups. Moreso, snack products promoted a reduction in serum insulin levels in diabetic subjects (45 and 17% for MBY and MBZ respectively). Following the nutraceutical properties displayed by the formulated snack especially MBY, it can be promoted as a functional snack for the management of diabetes while solving the limited snack product choice of diabetes sufferers.
Publisher
Research Square Platform LLC
Reference61 articles.
1. World Health Organization. Factsheets. Diabetes (2021) Available online: https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/ diabetes (accessed on 21 May, 2022)
2. The epidemiology of obesity: A big picture;Hruby A;PharmacoEconomics,2015
3. Diabetes, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease: clinical insights and vascular mechanisms;Petrie JR;Can J Cardiol,2018
4. Benefits of modest weight loss in improving cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese individuals with type 2 diabetes;Wing RR;Diabetes Care,2011
5. Ministry of Food and Drug Safety. Food labeling standards [Internet]. Cheongju: Ministry of Food and Drug Safety; 2019 [cited 2019 October 29]. Available from: https://www.mfds.go.kr/brd/m_211/view.do?seq=14378