Clinicopathological Features of KRAS-Mutated Colon Cancer: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

Abstract

Background Colon cancer is a leading neoplasm worldwide, with 35–45% of colorectal cancer patients exhibiting mutations in the Kirsten rat sarcoma oncogene (KRAS). This mutation affects disease development and serves as a biomarker for early detection, prognosis, and treatment. Objective Identify the clinicopathological characteristics of colon cancer patients with KRAS mutations. Material and Methods Analytical cross-sectional study, including patients with colorectal cancer (CRC). The study variables included sex, age, tumor location, KRAS and BRAF mutations, and the presence of metastases. Results The study involved 51 male patients, with a mean age of 61.4 ± 11.0 years. The most common tumor location was the sigmoid colon (35.3%), and 45.1% of patients were classified as TNM stage III with lymph node dissemination. Genetic analysis revealed that 35% of patients had KRAS mutations, while 32% had BRAF mutations. Notably, 61.1% of KRAS-positive patients also had BRAF mutations compared to 15.1% of KRAS-negative patients (p = 0.02). Conclusions The study indicates that colon cancer patients with KRAS(+) mutations tend to be older and have a higher incidence of comorbidities.