Genome-wide identification of the P450 gene family and their expression analysis during gonad development in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas)

Abstract

Abstract The cytochrome P450 (CYP) gene superfamily plays a significant role in various physiological processes, producing different compounds such as hormones, fatty acids, and biomolecules. However, no previous studies identify and explore their roles during gonad development in Pacific oyster (Crassostrea gigas). In this study, total of 116 CYP genes were identified and their expression pattern was analyzed for the first time. The relative molecular weights of these CYP genes ranged from 63.52 to 113.41 kDa, and the length of encoded amino acids ranged from 103 to 993. And total of 26 cis-acting elements of these CYP genes was identified by analyzing their upstream sequence of 2000 bp from the transcription start site. GO enrichment analysis showed 16 CYP genes are essential for the metabolism of male and female sex hormones, while KEGG enrichment analysis indicated that 25 CgCYP (Crassostrea gigas CYP gene) genes are crucial for the production of ovarian steroids. Additionally, the expression of CgCYP15, CgCYP18, CgCYP79, and CgCYP87 genes was significantly up-regulated with the gonad development, and 17 CgCYP genes were overexpressed in early gonad development and triploid infertile individuals. The expression levels of specific genes, including CgCYP1, CgCYP15, CgCYP34, CgCYP46, CgCYP69, CgCYP87, CgCYP88, and CgCYP103, were found to be significantly higher in female gonad suggesting their important roles in female gonad development. The results of this study will provide a better understanding of the CYP gene superfamily in the gonad development of Pacific oyster C.gigas.