Translation and Psychometric Evaluation of the Persian Version of “Good Death Inventory- Short Form” from the perspective of family- members of cancer patients

Abstract

Abstract Introduction: Achieving good death and enhancement of end-of-life care are among the objectives of palliative care in patients with cancer. There should be an instrument for evaluating the quality of palliative care provided by family members to provide comprehensive care at the end of life. This study was done for translation and assessment the psychometric properties of good death inventory- short form according to the perspective of family of patients with cancer in Tehran. Method: This methodological study was done in 2022 at two hospitals in Tehran. The translation was done after receiving permission from the instrument’s developer via forward-backward method. Face validity was examined through cognitive interviewing with 10 family members of patients with cancer. To perform the quantitative and qualitative content validation, the opinions of 10 palliative care specialists were used. The construct validity was explored through exploratory factor analysis and examination of convergent validation with care evaluation scale 2.0 (CES), as well as inspection of correlation by answering two general questions of satisfaction with treatment and end-stage quality of life. The scale’s reliability, internal consistency was calculated using Cronbach’s alpha coefficient and stability via test-retest. Results:Overall, 204 family members of patients with cancer were included. In the exploratory factor analysis, three factors of peace, hope, and value as well as quality of care were extracted with cumulative variance of 41.8%. We found a significant and suitable correlation between the total scores of the participants Good death inventory-short form and care evaluation scale2.0 (r = 0.459, P < 0.001). Also, there was a positive and significant correlation between the GDI short form total score and general satisfaction with end-of-life care (r=0.423, p<0.001) as well as the patient’s general quality of life at terminal stages (r=0.539, p<0.001). The Cronbach’s alpha coefficient for the questionnaire was found 0.842, and the stability was confirmed with ICC=0.851. Conclusion: the Persian version of GDI-short form is a valid and reliable questionnaire which can investigate the factors associated with good death according to patients’ family members’ perspective. Thus, this instrument can be used in clinical evaluation as well as research purposes and for family members in Iranian population.