Clinical risk factors and protective factors of preeclampsia in China

Abstract

Abstract Objective: The pathophysiology of preeclampsia remains unclear. Identification of risk factors and protective factors will help us to better elucidate the pathophysiologic basis of preeclampsia and predict it. Methods: A cross sectional survey of all deliveries in 39 hospitals in 14 provinces of mainland China from January 1 to December 31 2011 was evaluated for risk factors and protective factors of preeclampsia. Results: The incidence of preeclampsia was 3.7% (4137/110926), The results of multivariate logistic analysis showed that the main independent risk factors for preeclampsia included chronic hypertension[RR=9.190, 95%CI: (8.102-10.423)], assisted reproduction [OR=4.487, 95%CI:(2.591-7.772)], obesity [OR=3.822 , 95%CI: (3.556-4.107)], advanced age [OR=2.509(2.321-2.712)], GDM/DM [OR=1.656(1.479-1.855)], multiple pregnancy [OR=1.491, 95%CI: (1.283-1.735)], anemia [OR=1.253, 95%CI: (1.110-1.414)] and AB blood type [OR=1.131 , 95%CI: (1.008-1.269)]. Protective factors for preeclampsia included placenta previa [OR=0.401, 95%CI: (0.296-0.543)], A blood type [OR=0.885 , 95%CI: (0.816-0.959)] and height [OR=0.991, 95%CI: (0.985-0.997)]. The obstetrics complications associated with preeclampsia raised obviously, including preterm birth[RR=8.542 , 95%CI: (7.985-9.137)], FGR[RR= 5.020 , 95%CI: (4.635-5.437)], placenta abruption [RR=3.453, 95%CI: (2.777-4.293)]and oligohydramnios [RR=1.520, 95%CI: (1.306-1.768)]. Discussion: Our findings suggest chronic hypertension, assisted reproduction, obesity, advanced maternal age, GDM/DM, multiple pregnancy, anemia and AB blood type were the risk factors of preeclampsia. placenta previa, A blood type, height, and advanced educated degree were the protective factors for it.