Antinuclear Antibodies: Safety Assessments, Radioiodination and Preclinical Evaluations in Pc3 Xenograft Mice

Abstract

Abstract This study aims to provide in vitro and in vivo data to support the utilization of antinuclear antibodies (ANAs) as novel tools for the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancers. The hematological, biochemical, and histological toxicities of ANAs were assessed, and they were labeled with 131I using the chloramine T method. A radioimmunoconjugate was developed, and the biodistribution and treatment efficacy were subsequently investigated in a PC3 xenograft model. No changes in clinical behavior or signs of intoxication, necrosis, or malignancy were observed in ANA-treated mice. 131I-ANA was obtained in very high yield and radiochemical purity, and it exhibited good immunoreactivity with PC-3 cells. Levels of radiolabeled ANAs were higher in tumor tissues than in other examined organs, in association with significantly inhibited tumor growth and a nearly twofold improvement in median survival. These results demonstrate that radioimmunotherapy of radiolabeled natural ANAs may be an effective treatment for prostate tumors.