Abstract
Objective
To compare the clinical effects of the Femoral neck system (FNS) and Cannulated compression screws (CCS) for the treatment of patients with unstable femoral neck fractures.
Methods
A retrospective analysis with pair matching of 98 patients who received FNS or CCS for unstable femoral neck fracture in our hospital from January 2019 to March 2023 was conducted. The patients who received FNS were in the test group, while those who received CCS were in the control group. General patient data and joint function were assessed using the Harris Hip Score (HHS) at 3, 6, and 12 months post-surgery. And surgical complications such as femoral head necrosis, nonunion, femoral neck shaft angle loss, and femoral neck shortening were recorded.
Results
There were no significant differences in age, sex, or the affected side between the two patient groups. Additionally, there were no statistically significant variances in surgery time, Garden Classification, and Garden alignment index. Analysis of the data revealed that more intraoperative bleeding in the FNS group than in the CCS group (\(85.45 \pm 51.24{\text{ mL vs}}.{\text{ }}63.02 \pm 32.4{\text{ mL}},{\text{ P}}<0.05\)). However, the FNS group have better postoperative Harris Score at 3, 6, and 12 months (\({\text{P}}<{\text{0}}{\text{.05}}\)), less postoperative femoral neck shortening at 6 and 12 months (\({\text{P}}<{\text{0}}{\text{.05}}\)), and fewer postoperative neck shaft angle losses at 6 and 12 months compared to the CCS group (\({\text{P}}<{\text{0}}{\text{.05}}\)). Furthermore, the incidence of femoral head necrosis was lower in the FNS group. The clinical efficacy and hip joint function of FNS internal fixation surgery for the treatment of unstable femoral neck fractures were superior to CCS internal fixation surgery during the follow-up period.
Conclusion
These findings indicate that FNS is a favorable internal fixation method for preserving the femoral head and achieving satisfactory clinical outcomes in patients with unstable femoral neck fractures. FNS internal fixation surgery is a better choice for the treatment of unstable femoral neck fractures.