Primary Thyroid Lymphoma: A Nationwide Retrospective Cohort Analysis of Survival and Determinant Factors

Abstract

Abstract Purpose This study aims to analyze survival rates and determinant factors in patients diagnosed with primary thyroid lymphoma, a rare subtype of thyroid cancer. Methods We conducted a retrospective analysis of 57 primary thyroid lymphoma cases from fourteen tertiary care hospitals over a span of 22 years. Patient demographics, clinical presentations, treatment regimens, and outcomes were reviewed. Survival analysis was performed using Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression models. Results The majority of patients were middle-aged and older women, with a mean age of 60. Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma was the predominant histological subtype. The median overall survival was 163 months, with a 5-year survival rate of 69.2%. Treatment primarily involved R-CHOP chemotherapy, with 81.1% achieving a complete response. Tracheal compression and age were identified as independent prognostic factors for survival. Conclusion Primary thyroid lymphoma predominantly affects older women and is commonly diagnosed as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma. The data suggest that age and tracheal compression significantly influence patient survival, emphasizing the importance of these factors in the management and prognosis of primary thyroid lymphoma.