Abstract
Tuberculosis (TB) preventive treatment (TPT) effectively prevents the progression from TB infection to TB disease. This study explores factors associated with TPT non-completion in Cambodia using 6-years programmatic data (2018-2023) retrieved from the TB Management Information System (TB-MIS). Out of 14,262 individuals with latent TB infection (LTBI) initiated with TPT, 13,963 (97.9%) successfully completed the treatment and 299 (2.1%) did not. Individuals aged between 15-24 years old were more likely to discontinue treatment compared to those aged < 5 years old, with aOR=1.7, p=0.034 and aOR=2, p=0.003, respectively. Compared to the 3-month weekly Isoniazid and Rifapentine (3HP) regimen, the likelihood of TPT discontinuation was high for individuals initiated with 3-month daily Rifampicin and Isoniazid (3RH) (aOR=2.6, p<0.001) and with 6-month daily Isoniazid (6H) (aOR=7, p < 0.001). Those who began TPT at referral hospitals were nearly twice as likely to discontinue the treatment compared to those who started the treatment at health centers (aOR=1.95, p = 0.003). To improve TPT treatment completion, strengthen the treatment follow-up among those aged between 15 and 34 years old and initiated TPT at referral hospitals should be prioritized. The national TB program should consider 3HP the first choice of treatment.