Metal-free phosphorus and boron doped graphitic carbon nitride/zeolite hetero-linked particles for highly efficient green hydrogen production in methanol

Abstract

Abstract Herein, the development of phosphorus and boron doped graphitic carbon nitride/zeolite (P and B doped g-C3N4-zeolite) catalyst under three-step heating conditions was performed. The first step is to prepare g-C3N4 synthesis from urea at 500 oC. In the second step, the production of B-doped zeolite-g-C3N4 catalyst by calcination of g-C3N4 and zeolite obtained at a ratio of 1:1 with boric acid at 500 oC. In the third step, the obtained B doped zeolite- g-C3N4 catalyst consists of the preparation of B and P doped g-C3N4-zeolite catalyst as a result of hydrothermal method with phosphoric acid. Characterization studies of the obtained catalysts were carried out with XRD, SEM-EDX, FTIR and XPS analyzes. These obtained catalysts were used as a metal free catalyst in the production of hydrogen (H2-P) by sodium borohydride in methanol(NaBH4-MR) for the first time in the literature. Hydrogen production rate (HGR) value for B and P doped g-C3N4-zeolite catalysts was 6250 ml min− 1 g− 1.