Immuno-antioxidative reno-modulatory effectiveness of Echinacea purpurea extract against bifenthrin-induced renal poisoning

Abstract

Abstract Echinacea purpurea is a precious medicinal herb. Many civilizations utilize it as a natural medicine. Its extracts provide antifungal, antiviral, antibacterial, and antioxidative activities and are utilized for treating the common cold in addition to respiratory and urinary illnesses. Using male albino rats (160-200g), an in vivo study was conducted to examine the ameliorative potential and investigate the anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemical detoxifying activities of Echinacea purpurea ethanolic extract (EEE) against bifenthrin-induced renal injury. The animals were divided into four groups and orally treated for 30 days as follows: normal control; animals were treated with EEE (465 mg/kg/day) dissolved in water; healthy animals were given bifenthrin (7mg/kg/day) dissolved in olive oil and the last group was administered EEE one-hour prior bifenthrin intoxication. It was noticed that the administration of the animals with bifenthrin caused significant elevations in serum values of ALAT, ASAT, urea, creatinine, the renal inflammatory and apoptotic markers (IL-1β, TNF-α, IFN-γ and caspase-3), and the oxidative stress and antioxidant markers in kidney (MDA and NO) while, renal GSH, GPx, and SOD values showed about two-fold decrement in compared to normal control. EEE treatment resulted in a considerable restoring of all these parameters to near the control values. Moreover, the extract improved the histological architecture of the kidney. It was concluded that Echinacea purpurea extract has ameliorative potential and chemo-preventive efficacy against bifenthrin-induced renal injury, as well as the significant role of its anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and chemical detoxifying activities.