Can Sclerotinia stem and root rot be managed effectively without causing environmental imbalance in soil?
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Published:2023
Issue:1
Volume:38
Page:11-21
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ISSN:1820-3949
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Container-title:Pesticidi i fitomedicina
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language:en
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Short-container-title:PESTIC PHYTOMED
Author:
Mihajlovic Milica1, Rekanovic Emil1, Hrustic Jovana1ORCID, Grahovac Mila2ORCID, Stevanovic Marija1ORCID, Tanovic Brankica1ORCID
Affiliation:
1. Institute of Pesticides and Environmental Protection, Belgrade, Serbia 2. Faculty of Agriculture, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia
Abstract
Sclerotinia stem and root rot, caused by Sclerotinia sclerotiorum, is
considered to be an important soil-borne disease of over 400 plant species,
including a wide range of species important for agriculture. In vitro and in
vivo sensitivity of S. sclerotiorum to several commercial fungicides and
biofungicides was studied. The highest efficacy was achieved by boscalid
(98%) and fluopyram (80%), and the lowest by a B. subtilis-based product
(5%). The isolate was sensitive to all tested products in vitro. Considering
the tested synthetic fungicides, fluopyram exhibited the highest toxicity
(EC50=0.003 mg/l), while captan exhibited the lowest (EC50=8.94mg/l). Even
lower efficacy was achieved by tea tree oil and B. subtilis-based products.
The environmental impact of pesticides and biopesticides used for
Sclerotinia control was assessed. Modeling of predicted environmental
concentrations in soil (PECsoil), coupled with literature toxicity data,
served for assessment of pesticides soil risks. A high long-term risk for
earthworms was revealed for captan and thiophanate-methyl. Based on both
efficacy and risk assessment results, fluopyram was found to have the best
properties of all tested conventional pesticides, while tea tree oil exerted
better performance than the Bacillus product. Further investigation of
combined use of conventional and biopesticides might reveal new perspectives
regarding effective Sclerotinia control, while simultaneously reducing
negative environmental impact.
Funder
Ministry of Education, Science and Technological Development of the Republic of Serbia
Publisher
National Library of Serbia
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