Women’s health in Serbia - past, present, and future

Author:

Parapid Biljana1ORCID,Kanjuh Vladimir2,Kostic Vladimir2,Polovina Snezana3ORCID,Dinic Milan4,Loncar Zlatibor5,Lalic Katarina6ORCID,Gojnic-Dugalic Miroslava7ORCID,Nedeljkovic Milan1,Lazic Branka8,Milosevic Maja9,Simic Dragan1ORCID,Neskovic Aleksandar10ORCID,Harrington Robert11,Valentine Michael12,Santos Volgman13,Lewis Sandra14,Djukic-Dejanovic Slavica15,Mitchell Stephen16,Bond Rachel17,Waksman Ron18,Alasnag Mirvat19,Bairey-Merz Noel20,Gaita Dan21,Mischie Alexandru22,Karamarkovic Nemanja23,Rakic Snezana24,Mrkic Mirko25,Tasovac Marija26,Devrnja Vuk27,Bubanja Dragana28,Kass Wenger29

Affiliation:

1. University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Division of Cardiology, Belgrade, Serbia + University of Belgrade, Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia

2. Serbian Academy of Sciences and Arts, Belgrade, Serbia

3. University Clinical Center of Serbia, Division of Endocrinology, Outpatient Center for Obesity, Diabetes, and Metabolic Disorders, Belgrade, Serbia + University of Novi Sad, Faculty of Pharmacy, Novi Sad, Serbia

4. Serbian Medical Chamber, Belgrade, Serbia

5. University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Clinic for Emergency Surgery, Belgrade, Serbia + University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Division of Cardiology, Belgrade, Serbia

6. University Clinical Center of Serbia, Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders, Belgrade, Serbia + University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Division of Cardiology, Belgrade, Serbia

7. University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Belgrade, Serbia + University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Division of Cardiology, Belgrade, Serbia

8. Stari Grad Primary Healthcare Center, Belgrade, Serbia

9. University Clinical Center of Serbia, Department of Safety at Work and Occupational Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia

10. Zemun University Clinical Hospital Center, Belgrade, Serbia + University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Division of Cardiology, Belgrade, Serbia

11. Stanford University, Division of Cardiovascular Medicine and the Cardiovascular Institute, Stanford, California, United States of America

12. Lynchburg General Hospital, Centra Heart and Vascular Institute, Lynchburg Virginia, United States of America

13. Rush University Medical Center, Division of Cardiology, Rush Heart Center for Women, Chicago, Illinois, United States of America

14. American College of Cardiology, Political Action Committee Chair, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

15. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Psychiatry, Kragujevac, Serbia

16. Georgetown University School of Medicine, Georgetown University Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

17. Creighton University School of Medicine, Women’s Heart Health, Dignity Health and Internal Medicine, Chandler, Arizona, United States of America

18. MedStar Washington Hospital Center, Washington, District of Columbia, United States of America

19. King Fahd Armed Forces Hospital, Cardiac Center, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia

20. Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Smidt Heart Institute, Barbra Streisand Women’s Heart Center, Los Angeles, California, United States of America

21. Victor Babeş University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Department of Cardiology, Timisoara, Romania

22. Montluçon Hospital Center, Montluçon, France

23. University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Division of Cardiac Surgery, Belgrade, Serbia + University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Division of Cardiology, Belgrade, Serbia

24. The United Nations University for Peace, European Center for Peace and Development, Belgrade, Serbia

25. Singidunum University, School for Media and Communication, Belgrade, Serbia

26. Vizim Healthcare Center, Belgrade, Serbia

27. Royal Medical Board, HRH CP Katherine Foundation, Belgrade, Serbia

28. University of Kragujevac, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Department of Endocrinology, Kragujevac, Serbia + Themis Foundation, Research and Development Council, Belgrade, Serbia

29. Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Women’s Heart Center, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America

Abstract

Cardiovascular and reproductive health of women have been going hand in hand since the dawn of time, yet links have been poorly studied. Still, once basis of their connections started to be established, it depended on local regional abilities and level of progressive thinking to afford women comprehensive care beyond the ?bikini medicine?. Further research identified different associations rendering more conditions sex-specific and launching therefore a slow, yet initial turn around in clinical trials? concept as the majority of global cardiovascular guidelines rely on the results of research conducted on a very modest percentage of women and even less on the women of color. Currently, the concept of women?s heart centers varies depending on the local demographics? guided needs, available logistics driven by budgeting and societal support of a broad-minded thinking environment, free of bias for everyone: from young adults questioning their gender identity, via women of reproductive age both struggling to conceive or keep working part time when healthy and line of work permits it during pregnancy, up to aging and the elderly. Using ?Investigate-Educate-Advocate-Legislate? as the four pillars of advancing cardiovascular care of women, we aimed to summarize standing of women?s health in Serbia, present ongoing projects and propose actionable solutions for the future.

Publisher

National Library of Serbia

Subject

General Medicine

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