Backcrosses in interspecific hybridization in sunflower

Author:

Atlagic Jovanka1,Pankovic Dejana1,Pekanovic Ana2

Affiliation:

1. Naučni institut za ratarstvo i povrtarstvo, Novi Sad

2. Biološki fakultet, Beograd

Abstract

When incorporating desirable traits (resistance to causal agents of various diseases) from the wild relatives into the cultivated sunflower, some undesirable ones are introduced too (branching, small head diameter, low oil content, etc). To overcome this problem, backcrosses (F1 interspecific hybrids x cultivated sunflower) are used, although very often desirable traits are lost in the process. Cytological analysis (meiosis and pollen viability) and molecular markers (RAPD) were used to estimate what portion of the parental species genome was present in (be interspecific hybrids of the F1 and BC1F1 generations. The results showed that the percentage of irregularities at meiosis increased from F1 to BC1F1 gen. They also indicated the presence of aneuploids and sterility in the cross between the hexaploid species H.rigidus and cultivated sunflower. The genetic distance between the parents was 83%, that between H.rigidus and the F1 hybrid 54 61%, and that between H.annuus and F1 hybrid 70-76%. In the BC1F1 generation, the genetic distance from Hannuus decreased to 58-66% and that from H.rigidus increased to 69-76%.

Publisher

National Library of Serbia

Subject

Plant Science,Genetics

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