A Review of Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies for Automotive Applications

Abstract

Review A Review of Renewable Energy and Storage Technologies for Automotive Applications Xiangnan Yu 1, Yuhai Jin 1, Heli Liu 1, Arnav Rai 1, Michelle Kostin 1, Dimitrios Chantzis 1, Denis J. Politis 2, and Liliang Wang 1,* 1 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK 2 Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, 1678, Cyprus * Correspondence: liliang.wang@imperial.ac.uk     Received: 29 September 2022 Accepted: 9 November 2022 Published: 25 December 2022   Abstract: Transportation, as the backbone of the modern economy, continues to be a significant contributing factor to environmental pollution and poor air quality. Whilst numerous efforts have been made to address energy consumption and emissions through the manufacturing and end use stages, the use of fossil fuels continues to grow at an exponential rate. A key target area to assist with fuel consumption reduction targets is the implementation of renewable energy combined with energy storage technologies. The aim of this review is to investigate various means of production for renewable energy and energy storage technologies with the specific focus on the automotive industry.