Abstract
Historically, many of the classical organic fluorescent dyes were developed as laser dyes and characterized and optimized in organic solvents. Since then, fluorescence has, however, found a vast range of applications in the life sciences in which the fluorophores are usually surrounded
by water and not by organic solvents. The omnipresence of water in biomolecular fluorescence spectroscopy and imaging leads to some unwanted but nonetheless unavoidable consequences on the photophysical properties of the dyes, which may impact the quality and complicate quantitative interpretation
of the experiments. This paper discusses and illustrates with examples two such water-induced phenomena, namely chromophore aggregation in water and fluorescence quenching by water, as well as some ways to overcome them.
Subject
General Medicine,General Chemistry
Cited by
8 articles.
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