Affiliation:
1. Mechanical Engineering Research Institute of the Russian Academy of Sciences
Abstract
Aim. Problems associated with the study of material fatigue, while being relevant in terms of engineering practice, have a significant degree of uncertainty. The fatigue curve is censored (which indicates the presence of items that have passed the planned load cycle and destroyed by the end of the tests), while the load block made for calculating durability can be designed in a number of ways with a sufficient share of subjective decisions. The load block is intended for calculating durability and defining test plans. It is to fully reflect the entire expected operational history. Both factors are considered in the paper as elements of fuzzy logic. The author examines the creation of a scientifically substantiated load block that would take into account the possible operating modes in a right proportion and taking into account the variability. That is due to the fact that fatigue damage accumulates over the entire life of a machine and is to be scientifically evaluated for an adequate probabilistic assessment. Methods. As the modes of operation of a certain part are not precisely defined (and cannot be defined by virtue of the logic of random use of machines), projections of random fuzzy distributions are considered. A finite set of operating modes in a reasonable proportion was successfully scientifically substantiated. Using the example of load analysis of a critical part of rolling stock, distributions were constructed and the possible distribution of a part’s life was estimated. The output of the developed method will allow assessing the operational risks and predict the required number of spare parts. By taking into account the censored sample elements in the process of fatigue curve construction, the estimation of the fatigue curve parameters can be made more consistent. Conclusions. The use of fuzzy sets may prove to be very useful when examining fatigue curves and estimating durability variation. Examples are given of applying the proposed method.