Antifungal properties of rhizobacterial strains in relation to fungi of agricultural crops

Abstract

On earth, pathogenic fungal infections are considered one of the most common crop problems, accounting for more than 80% of all plant diseases. The production of biologics and the fight against pathogens are highly relevant priorities. In this article, rhizosphere cultures isolated from wheat root tubers have been studied in detail for the development of pathogenic fungi. In the course of research, the inhibitory properties of rhizobacteria against common pathogenic fungi were studied. The main mechanism of antagonism is that bacteria directly affect phytopathogens or increase plant resistance to diseases by enhancing immunity. The antagonistic activity of rhizospheric microorganisms was studied and the level of their action was determined. It has been established that wheat rhizospheric bacteria Escherichia hermannii, Enterobacter cloacae and Rahnella aquatilis affect the development of pathogens that cause Alternaria and Fusarium wilt. In the experiments, 46 strains of rhizobacteria of the genus Enterobacter (strain E. cloacae CCIM1022), Rahnella (R. aquatilis CCIM1023), Pantoea, Pseudomonas, Bacillus, Escherichia were isolated and the effectiveness of their antifungal properties on the reproduction of pathogenic fungi was tested. Pathogenic fungi Alternaria, Fusarium, causing diseases of vegetable and melon crops, were isolated from host plants. It is noted that rhizobacteria have a negative impact and block the development of pure cultures of fungi isolated from tomatoes, zucchini, figs, melons, causing fungal diseases on cups. The 46 isolated and tested strains of rhizobacteria effectively inhibited the development of pathogenic fungi. Of these, Rahnella is the first bacterium studied for this purpose, and has been given great importance in experiments to block the development of Alternaria (A. alternata CCIM 1021). The causative agents of alternariosis are widely open. However, large-scale analysis of their presence and control of pathogens has always been difficult. In experiments to combat the pathogen in the laboratory, a new agent was used to spread nitrogen-fixing bacteria.