MATERNAL BREAST MILK AND ITS COMPOSITION FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF RATIONAL FEEDING OF THE CHILD

Abstract

The literature review examines the composition and properties of maternal breast milk and its impact on the complex process of human body development from the standpoint of modern pediatric science and practice. Various artificial feeding mixtures have a lot in common with breast milk for a number of nutrients, but there is no ideal replacement. The composition of breast milk can vary significantly depending on the lactation period, the effects of environmental factors, including the diet and lifestyle of the mother. It is noted that vitamins D and K may not be enough to ensure the normal growth of the child, therefore their additional subsidy is recommended. Previously, it was believed that breast milk of a healthy woman is sterile. However, several subsequent studies have found the presence of a diverse microflora in breast milk. Finally, mother's milk contains microRNA, which plays a role in various functions, such as immunoprotection and programming of further human development. Thus, from the perspective of rational feeding, maternal breast milk is the best possible source of nutrition for the baby.