Studying rock mass jointing to provide bench stability while Northern Katpar deposit developing in Kazakhstan

Abstract

Purpose is to identify the basic joint systems, their characteristics, distribution within the rock mass, and determine impact of the joints on the bench stability. Methods. The risks of strain emergence in the form of blocks sliding along weakness surfaces within the local areas were determined based upon the definition of rock stability loss. The results of large-scale measurements of jointing were processed using circular and bar diagrams as well as stereographic grids. In the context of the paper, kinematic analysis was implemented through Dips Rocscience Inc. Software. Findings. Five basic joint systems have been identified; joints of 2nd and 5th systems are the most commonly encountered among them. The results of the jointing determination within the open pit boundaries have been represented as well as the open pit wall stability in terms of each site inclusive of consideration of potential strains along the sliding surface. Originality. For the first time, zoning of the open pit wall in terms of slide types has been performed. It has been identified that potential shear of a prismatic block is 33%; at the same time, 66% are bench destruction with the block toppling. The risk of wedge-shaped block shear is minimal. Practical implications. The research findings may be helpful to define and select both parameters and conditions of safe mineral extraction under the specific mining and geological conditions. In turn, the abovementioned will help reduce the risk of accidence while providing scientifically substantiated approach to select quarrying sequence, techniques, and system.