Nonaccelerator study of the residual nuclear strong interaction

Abstract

The present status and recent developments in the nonaccelerator study of residual strong nuclear interaction in solids are briefly reviewed. The emphasis is on new experimental results and they interpretation which were not available in earlier reviews. Artificial activation of the strong interaction by adding of one neutron to the nucleus causes the global reconstruction of the macroscopic characteristics of solids. The experimental evidence of macroscopic manifestation of the strong interaction in optical spectra of solids which is different by term of one neutron from each other (using LiD crystals instead of LiH) has been presented. This evidence is directly seen from luminescence (reflection) and scattering spectra. As far as the gravitation, electromagnetic and weak interactions are the same in both of kind crystals, it only emerges the strong interaction in deuterium nucleus. Therefore a sole conclusion is made that the renormalization of the energy of electromagnetic excitations (electrons, excitons, phonons) is carried out by the strong nuclear interaction. There is a common place in Standard Model of modern physics that the strong nuclear force does not act on leptons. Our experimental results show the violation of this strong conclusion. Moreover, observation of the isotopic shift phononless line in the photoluminescence (reflection) spectra of the whole series of LiHx D1-x mixed crystals is permit to construct change of the strong interaction coupling, α_{s}, in the wide value range. The necessity to take into account the more close relation between quantum chromodynamics and quantum electrodynamics is underlined. In the first step the quantum electrodynamics should be taken into account the strong interaction at the description of elementary excitations (electrons, excitons, phonons) dynamics in solids. Our experimental results open a new avenue in the investigation of the hadron - lepton interaction via study the low - temperature characteristics (reflection, photoluminescence) of solids and may shed light on a number of fundamental puzzles in modern physics, particularly on the unification of forces