1. From the Department of Medical Ethics and Health Policy, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia (E.J.E., J.L.D., M.S.M.); the Bergen Center for Ethics and Priority Setting, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway (E.J.E., J.L.D., M.S.M., G.P.); and the Sturm College of Law, University of Denver, Denver (G.P.).