Environmentally Friendly Activated Carbon Derived from Palm Leaf for the Removal of Toxic Reactive Green Dye

Abstract

Activated carbon (palm leaf): low-cost sorbents, successfully used for dye adsorption from wastewater preparation of palm leaf, obtained from the grower in Iraq and dry in sunlight and im-pregnated to 3% HNO3 and then dried for 24 hours at 90°C. The adsorption was proved via way of utilizing the (FTIR) and (FE-SEM) analysis, it was observed that there is no change in the beam before and after adsorption only shifts in intensity, evidence of physical adsorption, and FESEM appear image before adsorption contains many smaller granules that are not clustered together and spread on the surface, but after the adsorption we notice the swelling of these particles and they form irregular clusters, evidence of loading the dye inside these granules, which led to swelling. The kinetic model experimental result was carried out via two models fi rst and second order, utilized to describe the adsorption process. Second model kinetic by greater than R2= 0.9864. The study discusses the thermodynamic Factors having changes in enthalpy, entropy, and Gibbs free energy. Through the results, it was found that the adsorption process is an endothermic and spontaneous reaction.