1. Ann Kutney-Lee ( ) is an assistant professor of nursing and a senior fellow at the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania, in Philadelphia.
2. Douglas M. Sloane is an adjunct professor at the School of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania.
3. Linda H. Aiken is the Claire M. Fagin Leadership Professor of Nursing and a senior fellow at the Leonard Davis Institute of Health Economics, University of Pennsylvania.