1. the results of plot 6 in Fig. 10) because crowns in the actual scene are relatively complex. As any analytical model, PATH_LiDAR uses assumptions, such as constant FAVD and LAD in the crown, which can lead to errors. In the nine plots of the actual scene, the ratio of multiple scattering energy to total energy is approximately 10.5% for the results without waveform convolution, and 4% for the results with waveform convolution. When the waveform is convolved, scenes with higher LAI show the maximum return signal from the vegetation layer;Ni-Meister;PATH_LiDAR depicts the waveform well, while errors still occur,2005
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