EPIDEMIOLOGY OF PERIORBITAL DERMOID CYST IN PEDIATRIC AGE GROUP

Abstract

Background  Very little is known about the periorbital dermoid cyst in Iraqi Kurdistan. Therefore, this study was undertaken in Sulaimani province to describe the defects in the area and report patients’ outcomes. Objectives  The aim of this study was to identify the prevalence of Periorbital dermoid cyst among pediatric age group, characteristics of the lesion regarding location and presentation with management and its out come. Patients and Methods The case-series study involved 35 pediatric age group patients; who visited the clinical dermatological and neurosurgical centres, with a periorbital dermoid cyst from 2014 to 2018. Results Of the 35 patients who presented with a periorbital dermoid cyst, 18(51.43%) were female, and 17 (48.57%) were male—the age at presentation was mainly infancy. The lesion was situated on the right side in 18 (51.43%) patients and on the left side in 17 (48.57%) patients, and it was presented with a mass in 27 (77.14%) patients, drooping eyelid in seven (20%) patients, and dermoid sinus in one (2.86%) patient. The lesion was superficial in 24 (68.57%) patients and deeply located in 11 (31.43%). A Cranial CT scan was done in all patients; only five (14.29%) patients showed underline bone erosion. The lesion was progressively enlarged in 26 (74.29%) patients. Surgical excision was performed for all patients, except one, without recurrent complications. Conclusion Our view is that if diagnosed early, the dermoid cyst should be totally removed even in asymptomatic lesions because it enlarges and causes underline bone erosion and inflammation.