Holocene to latest Pleistocene incremental slip rates from the east-central Hope fault (Conway segment) at Hossack Station, Marlborough fault system, South Island, New Zealand: Towards a dated path of earthquake slip along a plate boundary fault

Author:

Hatem Alexandra E.1ORCID,Dolan James F.1,Zinke Robert W.1,Langridge Robert M.2,McGuire Christopher P.3,Rhodes Edward J.34,Brown Nathan3,Van Dissen Russell J.2

Affiliation:

1. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Southern California, 3651 Trousdale Parkway, Los Angeles, California 90089, USA

2. GNS Science–Lower Hutt, 1 Fairway Drive, Avalon, Lower Hutt 5011, New Zealand

3. Department of Earth, Planetary, and Space Sciences, University of California, Los Angeles, 595 Charles E Young Drive East, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA

4. Department of Geography, University of Sheffield, Western Bank, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK

Abstract

Abstract Geomorphic field and aerial lidar mapping, coupled with fault-parallel trenching, reveals four progressive offsets of a stream channel and an older offset of the channel headwaters and associated fill terrace–bedrock contact at Hossack Station along the Conway segment of the Hope fault, the fastest-slipping fault within the Marlborough fault system in northern South Island, New Zealand. Radiocarbon and luminescence dating of aggradational surface deposition and channel initiation and abandonment event horizons yields not only an average dextral rate of ∼15 mm/yr since ca. 14 ka, but also incremental slip rates for five different time periods (spanning hundreds to thousands of years) during Holocene to latest Pleistocene time. These incremental rates vary through time and are, from youngest to oldest: 8.2 +2.7/−1.5 mm/yr averaged since 1.1 ka; 32.7 +∼124.9/−10.1 mm/yr averaged over 1.61–1.0 ka; 19.1 ± 0.8 mm/yr between 5.4 and 1.6 ka; 12.0 ± 0.9 mm/yr between 9.4 and 5.4 ka, and 13.7 +4.0/−3.4 mm/yr from 13.8 to 9.4 ka, with generally faster rates in the mid- to late Holocene relative to slower rates prior to ca. 5.4 ka. The most pronounced variation in rates occurs between the two youngest intervals, which are averaged over shorter time spans (≤1700 yr) than the three older incremental rates (3700–4500 yr). This suggests that the factor of ∼1.5× variations in Hope fault slip rate observed in the three older, longer-duration incremental rates may mask even greater temporal variations in rate over shorter time scales.

Publisher

Geological Society of America

Subject

Stratigraphy,Geology

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