Integrated Omics and Mutation in Algae

Abstract

Algae importance is spectacularly increasing in many biotechnological applications, such as human food, animal feed, biofuels, bioplastics, bioremediation, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics. With the widespread use of “omics” technologies over the past two decades, recent advanced research attempts to understand the pathways of the promising algae species by whole genomes sequencing (genomics) and revealing lipid pathways (lipidomics), microarray to study all RNA transcripts (transcriptomics), all protein sets produced by the algal cell (proteomics). DNA alteration as classical mutagenesis caused a random mutation such as ethyl methane-sulfonate as chemical mutagenic and ultraviolet radiation as a physical mutagenic. On the other hand, the CRISPR-Cas9 modern technique is used to genetically engineer a protein with maximum editing efficiency. Incorporating omics and mutations techniques helps to thoroughly understand the systems biology of algae in the new era called integrated omics.