Toxicological Parameters and Risk Assessment of Some Novel Insecticides

Abstract

Pesticides are widely used in agriculture, horticulture, and public health to protect crops and control pests. However, pesticides can also pose a significant risk to human health and the environment, especially when used improperly or in excessive amounts. The toxicity of a pesticide is often expressed in terms of its lethal dose (LD) or lethal concentration (LC) values, which provide an estimate of the amount of the pesticide that can cause death in a specified population. In this chapter, the authors review the LD and LC values and explore the different factors that influence pesticide toxicity, such as the mode of action and formulation. Additionally, they present the toxicity ranges of selected pesticides commonly used in agriculture and public health and discuss the health effects associated with acute and chronic exposure to these chemicals. The chapter will conclude with a discussion of the regulatory frameworks governing pesticide use and the need for sustainable and integrated pest management practices.