Applications of Two-Dimensional Materials to Environmental Assessment, Remediation, and Monitoring

Abstract

Human and industrial activities, which are highly dependent on technology, have led to the release of hazardous substances into the air, water, and soil, which threaten the ecological security and health of living beings. Now man is seeking innovative technologies to mitigate pollutants through remediation, removal, or treatment. Among these technological and scientific options is the application of two-dimensional materials. The main purpose of this chapter is to analyze the innovative contributions that two-dimensional materials such as graphene and its derivatives, transition metal dichalcogenides (TMDs), transition metal oxides, boron carbon nitride, MXenes, and two-dimensional pnictogens either working individually, in composite materials or as heterostructures. The main applications are in the development of gas sensors, biosensors, photocatalysts, electrocatalysts, filters, and adsorbents. The results achieved so far demonstrate the importance and relevance of continuing to research these materials to environmentally renew the condition of the planet to its original state.