Characteristics, Applications, and Limitations of Nanocomposites in Biosensing

Abstract

To combat the exponentially increasing environmental challenges, there is a greater demand for eco-friendly and sustainable materials in various industries, including sensor technology. Green nanocomposites, which combine biodegradable polymers with nanoparticles obtained from renewable resources, offer a possible solution to the demand for effective biosensors and environmental sustainability. This chapter assesses current advances in developing green nanocomposites for skin cancer biosensors and energy storage devices such as lithium-ion batteries, supercapacitors, and fuel cells, emphasizing their prospective applications and performance enhancements. This chapter provides an in-depth examination of green nanocomposites as sustainable, efficient, and cost-effective biosensors, highlighting their manufacturing, unique features, and numerous sensing applications, and also explores the inclusion of nanomaterials such as cellulose nanofibers, chitosan, and graphene oxide into biopolymer matrices such as starch, polylactic acid, cellulose, proteins, and chitosan to build biosensors.