Agriculture is one of the most important economic sectors that societies have relied on since ancient times. The developing countries have reached now and late to smart agriculture, or precision agriculture, which uses the latest developments in the field of informatics and the internet of things. Many scientific projects have contributed to the development of smart agriculture, however, these projects focus on partial aspects without addressing other aspects. The application of the results of these projects becomes either a partial or a composite application of different heterogeneous works, which renders the desired results ineffective. Accordingly, this paper proposes a comprehensive reference regulatory approach for an advanced agricultural information system that accommodates the agricultural sector within its interconnected levels, public and private, and its various aspects (Monitor, Prediction, Optimization, Control) within a modern information technology vision based on the internet of things (IoT), artificial intelligence and optimization technologies.