Outdoor Pollution Management by Nanotechnology

Abstract

Remediation of environmental pollution has become a hot issue in the world. Environmental pollution, mainly caused by toxic chemicals, includes air, water, and soil pollution. This pollution results not only in the destruction of biodiversity, but also the degradation of human health. Textile industrial effluent often contains the significant amount of synthetic and toxic dyes. Some dyes are water-soluble, dyes such as azo dyes, sulfonated azo dyes, etc. Hazardous effect of dyes results in the formation of tumor, cancer, liver or kidney damage, insomnia, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting, dermatitis, chronic asthma, coughing, headaches, and allergies in humans and also inhibit growth of bacteria, protozoan, plants, and different animals. A range of wastewater treatment technologies have been proposed that can efficiently reduce toxic dyes to less toxic forms such as nanotechnology. In this chapter, the authors give an overview of the various aspects of nanotechnology to remediate industrial textile dye effluents.