Affiliation:
1. Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Norway
Abstract
The main objective of this chapter is to analyze safety in railway systems through studying and understanding the train drivers' tasks and their common errors. Different approaches to classifying and analyzing driver errors are reviewed, as well the factors that affect driver performance. A comprehensive overview of the systems theoretic process analysis (STPA) method is presented, along with how it could be applied for controllers and humans. Quantitative risk assessment, along with some methods for quantifying human errors, are overviewed, and a Bayesian network is selected to study the effects of the identified driver errors. A case study aims to present a detailed quantitative safety analysis at European Train Control System (ETCS) system Levels 1 and Level 2, including driver errors. The STPA and Bayesian methods are combined to identify the hazards and quantify the probabilities of hazards when trains fail to stop at red signals.