Instructional Design Methodologies

Abstract

Instructional design (ID) is the systematic process of planning events to facilitate learning. The ID process encompasses a set of interdependent phases including analysis of learners, contexts and goals; design of objectives, strategies and assessment tools; production of instructional materials; and evaluation of learner performance and overall instructional design effort. The system approach, developed in the 1950s and 1960s, is rooted in the military and business world and has dominated educational technology and educational development since the 1970s. Currently, there are more than one hundred different ISD models, with almost all based on the generic ADDIE model. Other commonly known models include the Dick and Carey Model, the R2D2 Model, the ICARE Model, and the ASSURE Model. These models share three major components: analysis, strategy development, and evaluation. This chapter identifies the different roles and responsibilities involved when developing a typical title and outlines the main steps in the development.