Genus Phaseolus L., systematics and polymorphism of collection of National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine

Abstract

Aim. To evaluate the botanical diversity of collection accessions of genus Phaseolus L. of National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine. Results and Discussion. The National Center for Plant Genetic Resources of Ukraine maintains the national collection of Phaseolus L. consisting of 4,450 accessions of four species: P. vulgaris L. (4,179 accessions), P. multiflorus Lam. (202), P. lunatus L. (16), P. acutifolius A. Gray (53) from 87 countries in six parts of the world: Europe, Asia, Africa, Australia, North America, and South America. Literature data indicate that P. dumosus Macfady is the least diverse species; it has been little studied, but analysis of molecular markers revealed that it was a natural hybrid between P. vulgaris L. and P. multiflorus Lam. P. vulgaris L. turned out to be the most polymorphic species. All the diversity of this species is represented in the NCPGRU; reference accessions have been selected for almost all varieties differing in seed coat shape, color and pattern. The species P. lunatus L. is represented by three varieties out of nine: var. erectus N. Ivan. (reference accession UD0303348, Henderson, USA), var. mexicanus N. Ivan. (UD0301530, Koro irion, New Guinea), var. macrocarpus (Benth.) N. Ivan. (UD0303246, Geszentye Bab, Hungary). Other varieties cannot reproduce in the climate of Ukraine. The species P. acutifolius A. Gray. Is represented by seven varieties out of 21: var. albus Ditm. (UD0300198, PI440785, Mexico), var. ochroleucus Ditm. (UD0300202, PI440789, Mexico), var. ochroleucus flavor-punctatus Ditm. (UD0300132, PI440806, USA), var. flavus Ditm. (UD0300137, PI477037, USA), var. flavus vinoso-punctatus Ditm. (UD0300138, PI477039, USA), var. ochraceus Ditm. (UD0300127, PI440800, USA), var. brunneus Ditm. (UD0300133, PI477032, USA). P. multiflorus Lam is the most fully represented species of the related bean species: the NCPGRU has four varieties out of five: var. coccineus (Lam.) N. Ivan. (UD030163, Ukraine), var. albus Mart. (UD0303444, Eureka, Poland), var. bicolor N. Ivan. (UD0303928, Nepal), var. mirabilis N. Ivan. (UD0301763, Ukraine). Conclusions. The national collection of Ukraine comprises significant, both species and intraspecies, diversity of the genus Phaseolus L., which opens up wide possibilities for its use in practical breeding and in-depth theoretical research.