The Impact of a Child Life Video Preparation on Preoperative Anxiety and Post-Hospital Behaviors

Abstract

Purpose Children undergoing surgery can experience significant preoperative anxiety and fear, which has been linked to regressive postoperative behaviors. Psychological preparation has been shown to reduce anxiety at time of anesthesia induction as well as negative behavioral changes after surgery. The current study seeks to provide insight into the impact of a video modeling intervention on preoperative anxiety and postoperative behavior changes. Method Participants included 60 patients ages 5 to 10 years undergoing same-day surgery. Patients were randomized into the video group (VG;n = 34) or no video group (NVG;n = 26). The Children’s Fear Scale (CFS) was administered to the patient and parent at the preoperative visit and again the day of surgery. The Post Hospitalization Behavior Questionnaire-Ambulatory Surgery (PHBQ-AS) was administered via telephone at postoperative days 2 and 14. Result This study found that an informational video designed by a child life specialist is an effective tool for reducing preoperative anxiety and postoperative behavior changes in children ages 5 to 10 years old undergoing ambulatory surgery. Conclusion The video intervention benefitted patients when added to the provision of standard child life specialist services. Video modeling interventions, particularly when informed by the expertise of a child life specialist, are a useful modality for preoperative preparation of pediatric patients.