Roles of Biomass in the Absorption of Heavy Metals

Abstract

Mining, plating, dyeing, automobile manufacturing, and metal processing all emit toxic heavy metals into the environment. The environmental challenges, socioeconomic and environmental effects of toxic heavy metals released into the environment cause environmental problems that have exposed our ecosystem to a greater threat, as well as contamination of aquatic water bodies through water runoff, with a subsequent effect on people's health. As a result, research into the roles of biomass as a mitigation process in heavy metal absorption is required. As a result, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the roles of biomass as a medium for heavy metal absorption in contaminated soil. The use of bio-char and other carbonaceous materials such as activated carbon, sawdust, and agricultural residues has shown great potential for the removal of various inorganic and organic pollutants and radionuclides due to properties such as large surface area, micro porous structure, and high adsorption capacity. Pulverized activated charcoal, a promising material based among nano-structured carbon materials, continues to attract a lot of attention due to its unique physical and chemical properties. Lower greenhouse gas emissions and a cleaner environment are two additional environmental benefits of biomass as a renewable energy source. The importance of biomass as a potential natural remediation material cannot be overstated based on the use of biomass waste to treat or resolve anthropogenic environmental problems.