Efficacy and Tolerability of Valganciclovir 6 Months vs 6 Weeks in Symptomatic Cytomegalovirus Infection in Infants: An Open Level Randomized Controlled Trial

Author:

Ruby N. A.,Rahman M. M.,Akhter S.,Sultana N.

Abstract

Congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV) infection is the most common transplacental infection affecting neurodevelopment in infant, commonly hearing and cognitive impairment. This study aimed to compare 6 weeks with 6 months duration of oral valganciclovir in respect of efficacy and tolerability. This randomized controlled trial was conducted in both outpatient and inpatient pediatrics department of a tertiary hospital, on123 infants aged 0-12 months with polymerase chain reaction proven congenital CMV infection over a period of 18 months. The children were divided into two groups, according to the treatment group they belonged to, one is 6 weeks group and other is 6 months group. The children were followed up for 12 months at 3-month interval to compare the virological clearance, psychological, visual, and hearing status, and side effects of drug. The viral load assessment was done at 6 weeks, 6 months, and 12 months of the initial treatment. Mean age of the infants of 6 weeks group is 7.33±1.74months and that of 6 months group is 6.70±2.23 months. Primary outcome is the clearance of virus, exhibited in both groups significantly at 12 weeks of follow up but 100% clearance of virus observed in 6 months group at 6 months of follow up. Whereas 5 patients at 12 weeks and 3 patients at 6 months have shown non clearance of virus among the 6 weeks treatment group. Total 50(80.6%) patients hearing return to normal at 12 months follow up in 6 months treatment group compared to 31(50.8%) in 6 weeks group (p=0.001). Visual improvement also observed among 58(93.5%) patients of 6 months group and 48(78.7%) in 6 weeks group and this difference is statistically significant (p=0.01). At 12 months of follow up 6 months group had shown better neurodevelopmental outcome (p=0.00). Both groups exhibit good tolerance to drug. Conclusion: 6 months duration treatment of valganciclovir in symptomatic CMV infection have shown better neurodevelopmental outcome and visual, auditory improvement compared to 6 weeks duration.

Publisher

European Open Science Publishing

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