1. Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care and
2. Department of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama;
3. Department of Medicine, Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Philipps University, Member of the German Center for Lung Research, Marburg, Germany;
4. Faculty of Medicine, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom;
5. Department of Thoracic Medicine and Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania;
6. Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan;
7. Division of Pulmonology and Critical Care Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York; and
8. Institute of Ageing and Chronic Disease, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom