On the devolvement of fractal antenna for IoT applications

Abstract

Abstract A fractal patch antenna is designed and fabricated on FR4-epoxy substrate for Internet of Things (IoT) applications. Minkowski fractal has been used in the design of radiating element of antenna and slots are incorporated in the partial ground structure. The proposed antenna is miniaturized by 65% in terms of resonating frequency using Minkowski fractal. The proposed structure of antenna has an overall size of 60× 40 ×1.6 mm3. The antenna resonates at 1.223, 1.58, 2.69, and at 3.54 GHz. It exhibits an impedance bandwidth of 0.11 (1.16–1.27) GHz, 0.23 (1.47–1.70) GHz, and 4.5 (1.99–6.49) GHz. The proposed antenna has a peak gain of 3.4 dBi. The key benefits of the proposed antenna are: simple structure, improved performance characteristics, and its usefulness for applications such as Global Positioning System (GPS), Radar Altimeter, Public Safety Applications, and 5G communications in sub-6 GHz band. The simulated results of the proposed fractal antenna have been verified experimentally. The results are highly convincing.