Review Paper. Utilization of Low-Cost Adsorbents for the Adsorption Process of Chromium ions.

Abstract

Abstract This review is aimed at exploring the possibilities of recovering Chromium ions using several low-cost adsorbents through wastewater processing. In the past, several traditional methods were employed for removing Chromium ions. These included precipitation, evaporation, electroplating and ion exchange. However, these processes were associated with various limitations, which included the treatments to be restricted to a certain concentration of the Chromium ions. Therefore, the process of using low-cost adsorbents can be deemed as an eco-friendly one. At the moment, an enormous amount of natural materials and agricultural waste are produced, which extremely harmful to the environment. Thus, adsorption is an alternate process for removing Chromium ions. Based on the enhanced characteristics of the process of adsorption, such as cost-effectiveness, improved adsorptive properties, and increased availability, the process is definitely an economical one for removing Chromium ions. This review provides a brief appraisal of the relevant literature which exists on the low-cost adsorption for removing Chromium from polluted wastewaters. Additionally, in order to comprehend the overall adsorption process of low-cost adsorbents, this review will also explore the various existing adsorption models. These include the isotherm, kinetics, and thermodynamics along with the impact of various factors on the process of adsorption.