A Review on Bio-Composite Materials

Abstract

Abstract Composite material constitute of different materials to have better characteristics than traditional materials. Material properties such as physical, chemical and mechanical properties can be tailored in composite material based on requirements. This advantage extends the composite material applications in the field of human implants. Traditional metals or ceramics have certain limitations after the implantation in human body, because of its inheriting properties with biological tissue. These limitations can be eradicated by the composite material; it makes composites to fabricate implant for biomedical applications. The new research works enhance the composite materials to mimic the natural bone, biological functions and tissue characteristics. Human tissue and bone are naturally graded from the core side, functionally graded material (FGM) implant overcome some limitations of composite materials. FGM implants elastic modulus can be tailored as like a composite material, its biological functions similar with natural one. Other biological parameters such as corrosion, wear resistance and fracture toughness are considered when designing the implant. This article discusses composite material advantage and limitations of both composite and FGM implants.