FEM 3D analysis of rock cone failure range during pull-out of undercut anchors

Abstract

Abstract The paper presents the results from FEM (Finite Element Method) analysis of the process of pulling out of the undercut anchor. Anchors of this type are generally used to fasten steel structural elements in concrete buildings. However, the presented issue concerns a new area of application of these fasteners, i.e. in the aspect of the potential mining of rock in atypical situations, such as in mining rescue operations. Generally, in such situations there is no possibility of mechanical mining of rock with the use of mining machines and the use of explosives is even prohibited. There are only manual loosening methods whose effectiveness is unknown. Currently, the basic issue is to gain insight into the mechanism of loosening, the mechanics of the process in terms of the extent of loosening and shaping the force of pulling out anchors in a given rock. An effective tool in this type of analysis is FEM analysis, the results of which are presented in the paper.