Abstract
Abstract
We investigate catalysis in the framework of elementary thermal operations (ETOs), leveraging the distinct features of such operations to illuminate catalytic dynamics. As groundwork, we establish new technical tools that enhance the computability of state transition rules for ETOs. Specifically, we provide a complete characterisation of state transitions for a qutrit system and special classes of initial states of arbitrary dimension. By employing these tools in conjunction with numerical methods, we find that by adopting a small catalyst, including just a qubit catalyst, one can significantly enlarge the set of state transitions for a qutrit system. This advancement notably narrows the gap of reachable states between ETOs and generic thermal operations. Furthermore, we decompose catalytic transitions into time-resolved evolution, which critically enables the tracking of nonequilibrium free energy exchanges between the system and bath. Our results provide evidence for the existence of simple and practicable catalytic advantage in thermodynamics while offering insight into analysing the mechanism of catalytic processes.
Funder
Nanyang Technological University
Reference73 articles.
1. Entanglement-assisted local manipulation of pure quantum states;Jonathan;Phys. Rev. Lett.,1999
2. Catalysis of entanglement manipulation for mixed states;Eisert;Phys. Rev. Lett.,2000
3. Mathematical structure of entanglement catalysis;Daftuar;Phys. Rev. A,2001
4. Two-qubit catalysis in a four-state pure bipartite system;Anspach,2001
5. Inequalities that collectively completely characterize the catalytic majorization relation;Klimesh,2007
Cited by
4 articles.
订阅此论文施引文献
订阅此论文施引文献,注册后可以免费订阅5篇论文的施引文献,订阅后可以查看论文全部施引文献