Deviations’ analysis of the single-family buildings in the mining area

Abstract

Abstract In this work changes of the inclinations values (in a horizontal plane) of a land surface and two buildings have been shown. They were induced by an operation of the 404 and the 405 coal beds located successively on the level of 490 m and 550 m, and realized on a south of the buildings (the South of Poland) by the use of five longwalls. Values of inclinations from the results of the geodesic measurements done in August 2019 have been determined. Subsidence and distances between neighbouring points (on a land surface and on the buildings’ walls) have been observed. Observations in two perpendicular directions, on 24 points (12 ground points and 12 wall points) have been conducted. Research results indicate that deviations are different for a ground and the buildings. It means that a process of deformation of the buildings and a terrain surface takes place differently. Moreover, the ground steps which occurred near the buildings (one in front of the first building, the other under the second building) cause anomalies in the inclinations values and changes in their directions and turns.