An analytical envelope model for space charge in cyclotrons
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Published:2023-03-01
Issue:03
Volume:18
Page:P03018
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ISSN:1748-0221
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Container-title:Journal of Instrumentation
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language:
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Short-container-title:J. Inst.
Abstract
Abstract
The statistical σ-matrix approach is used to derive
general envelope equations for ellipsoidal bunches with space charge
in isochronous and non-isochronous fixed-field accelerators (FFAs)
These accelerators couple the radial and longitudinal phase spaces
due to momentum dispersion induced by the space charge effect. This
generates a rotation of the bunch around the local vertical axis
which is known in the field as the vortex effect. A special
invariant of the vortex is found which represents its total angular
momentum with respect to its center. For the isochronous cyclotron,
a special solution of the envelope equations is found which
describes a circular bunch with equal radial and longitudinal RMS
sizes. The existence of this solution is a direct consequence of
the circular symmetry of the single particle Hamiltonian in a
co-moving coordinate frame. The stationary solution of the circular
bunch fixes the relation between bunch sizes and accelerated current
(or the total charge per bunch) for given emittances. The general
envelope equations may easily be implemented in existing numerical
envelope codes.
Subject
Mathematical Physics,Instrumentation
Cited by
2 articles.
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1. A new family of high-current cyclotrons for isotope production;Journal of Radioanalytical and Nuclear Chemistry;2024-06-27
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