Multi-contrast CT imaging using a high energy resolution CdTe detector and a CZT photon-counting detector

Abstract

Abstract Computed tomography (CT) imaging with high energy resolution detectors shows great promise in material decomposition and multi-contrast imaging. Multi-contrast imaging was studied by imaging a phantom with iodine (I), gadolinium (Gd), and gold (Au) solutions, and mixtures of the three using a cadmium telluride (CdTe) spectrometer with an energy resolution of 1% as well as with a cadmium zinc telluride (CZT) detector with an energy resolution of 13%. The phantom was imaged at 120 kVp and 1.1 mA with 7 mm of aluminum filtration. For the CdTe data collection, the phantom was imaged using a 0.2 mm diameter x-ray beam with 96 ten-second data acquisitions across the phantom at 45 rotation angles. For the CZT detector, we had 720 projections using a cone beam, and the six detector energy thresholds were set to 23, 33, 50, 64, 81, and 120 keV so that three thresholds corresponded to the K-edges of the contrast agents. Contrast agent isolation methods were then examined. K-edge subtraction and novel spectrometric algebraic image reconstruction (SAIR) were used for the CdTe data. K-edge subtraction alone was used for the CZT data. Linearity plots produced similar R 2 values and slopes for all three reconstruction methods. Comparing CdTe methods, SAIR offered less noise than CdTe K-edge subtraction and better geometric accuracy at low contrast concentrations. CdTe contrast agent images of I, Gd, and Au offered less noise and greater contrast than the CZT images, highlighting the benefits of high energy resolution CdTe detectors for possible use in pre-clinical or clinical CT imaging.