The effect of stinky bean (Parkia speciosa) peel ethanolic extract to enhance superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reduce malondialdehyde (MDA) level of “jelantah” exposed rats

Abstract

Abstract “Jelantah” is cooking palm oil which is used repeatedly. Its daily use leads to enhancement of free radical level in the body. Free radical level should be lowered by a compound named antioxidant, either synthetic or natural antioxidant. This study aims to analyze the effect of P. speciosa peel ethanolic extract (PSPE) to superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) level of jelantah exposed Rattus norvegicus (rats). The rats were divided into four groups. There were group I as a negative control (without jelantah and PSPE treatment), group II with 1 ml jelantah 118 mek/kg + 100 mg/kg body weight PSPE treatment, group III with 1 ml jelantah 118 mek/kg + 200 mg/kg body weight PSPE treatment, and group IV is a positive control (with 1 ml jelantah 118 mek/kg). The results showed that range of SOD and MDA level are 20.63-79.06 U/ml and 1.75-9.34 nmol/ml, respectively, with significantly different at α: 0.05. The negative control showed the highest SOD level and lowest MDA level because it was not treated with jelantah. On the other hand, the positive control showed the opposite because it was only treated with jelantah without addition of PSPE. Furthermore, the group III showed higher SOD and lower MDA level than group II. Those indicate that the higher PSPE concentration, the higher SOD level and the lower MDA level. SOD as an antioxidant has contrary level to MDA as free radical. PSPE showed a significant effect to the enhancement of SOD level and the reduction of MDA level in jelantah exposed rats.