Macromycete of recreational plantations of the city of Voronezh (Russia): species diversity, distribution and environmental significance

Abstract

Abstract Macromycete are an integral component of the forest biogeocoenosis. They play an important role in ecosystem functioning. Being the most important heterotrophic element, macromycete take an active part in mineralization and humification processes. 56 species of macromycete, belonging to 17 families, are identified in the recreational plantations of Voronezh city. Most of these families belong to the order Agaricales. Mycorhiza-formers, litter and humus saprotrophic, xylotrophic and coprotrophic species are noted among the trophic groups of fungi. The greatest species diversity characterizes mycorhiza-forming agents and xylotrophic forms. Single coprotrophic and humus saprotrophic forms can be seen. Litter saprotrophic species occupy an intermediate position. In recreational plantations, about 38% of mushroom species are edible, 25% are conditionally edible species, and 37% are inedible and poisonous species. Moreover, most macromycete grow solitary or in small groups. The most significant functions of macromycete in the conditions of recreational plantings are their ability to form mycorhiza, which is important for the growth and development of the main forest-forming species (oak and pine); participation of saprotrophic mycobiota in the circulation of substances, as well as the nutritional value of certain types of macromycete.